Carrying Like Addition

You're a pro at this stuff. Any master of addition remembers the carrying that goes on in advanced addition problems. The same thing happens in multiplication problems. When you take two single-digit numbers and multiply, sometimes your value will be greater than nine (9). Honestly, with multiplication your product will usually be greater than nine. When that happens, you need to carry the extra value to the next column to the left.

Example:
9 x 5 = 45
29 x 5 = 145

In that example we started by multiplying the numbers in the ones column. 9 x 5 = 45. We wrote down the five (5) and saved the four (4) for our next step. Then we moved to multiply the tens column. 5 x 2 = 10. Remember that four? Now is the time to add it to the ten. 10 = 4 = 14. Then you write down the 14. You have written down the correct product 145.

Example:
58 x 4 = ?
Step 1: Multiply the ones column. 8 x 4 = 32
Step 2: Write down the "2" and carry the "3" to the tens column.
Step 3: Multiply the tens column. 4 x 5 = 20
Step 4: Add the number you carried. 20 + 3 = 23
Step 5: Write don the 23.
Answer: 58 x 4 = 232

Multiply Then Add

After a few examples you can see the pattern. Multiply Ones-- Carry -- Multiply Tens -- Add. That pattern works if you are working with a two-digit number of a ten-digit numbers. It's just a lot more steps when you have more digits.

Example:
296 x 8 = ?
MULTIPLY ONES: 6 x 8 = 48
WRITE AND CARRY: Write the "8" and carry the "4"
MULTIPLY TENS: 8 x 9 = 72
ADD: Add the carried amount. 72 + 4 = 76
WRITE AND CARRY: Write the "6" and carry the "7"
MULTIPLY THE HUNDREDS: 8 x 2 = 16
ADD: Add the carried amount. 16 + 7 = 23
WRITE: Write down the "17"
Answer: 296 x 8 = 2,368

Moving Values Larger Than One (1)

We just wanted to point something out. In addition, you usually carry a "1" to the next column. With multiplication you will carry numbers between 1 and 9. In one column you might add a carried "3" but in the next you will carry a "9." When you start carrying the higher numbers, there is a good chance you will need to carry again. So keep your eyes open when you start the carrying work. All of those little numbers can be mixed up.

RELATED ACTIVITIES

One and Two-Digit Multiplication Quiz (With Carrying)
- Play Activity

One and Three-Digit Multiplication Quiz (With Carrying)
- Play Activity

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