What is Multiplication?

Congratulations. You've got a handle on addition and subtraction. Multiplication is going to seem easy for you. Multiplication is basically addition that is repeated over and over.
Addition: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 15
Multiplication: 5 x 3 = 15

That's all there is to it. You are able to add multiple groups in a quick way. You might be using multiplication when figuring out how many pages in a book with ten (10) chapters. You could also use multiplication to determine how long a piece of paper is if you combine all the pages in the book.

Setting up a Multiplication Problem

The values you are multiplying are called factors. The answer in a multiplication problem is called the product. You get a product when you multiply two or any number of factors. There are a lot of symbols used in multiplication. Your basic work will use an "x" (x). It is called a "times" symbol. If you spoke a multiplication problem it would read, "two times tow equals four." But with numbers you get "2 x 2 = 4."

RELATED ACTIVITIES

Multiplication by Sevens Memory Challenge
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One-Digit Multiplication Quiz (Vertical)
- Play Activity

Multiplying from One to Ten

We like to start small so let's look at the numbers one (1) to ten (10). Let's look at some examples using the number two (2).
2 x 1 = 2 (one set of two is equal to one)
2 x 2 = 4 (two sets of two equals four -- 2 + 2 = 4)
2 x 3 = 6 (three sets of two equals six -- 2 + 2 + 2 = 6)
2 x 4 = 8 (four sets of two equals eight -- 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8)
2 x 5 = 10 (five sets of two equals ten -- 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10)
2 x 6 = 12 (2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12)
2 x 7 = 14 (2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 14)
2 x 8 = 16 (2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 16)
2 x 9 = 18 (2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 18)
2 x 10 = 20 (2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 20)

Do you see the patterns? Do you see the way multiplication makes it easier to write the numbers in an equation? When it comes down to it, remembering all that addition is a waste of time. You will need to memorize the table that is the core of multiplication.

Core of Multiplication

Sorry about this, but you will need to memorize a few numbers here. In the same way that you learned the basics of addition and adding numbers from 1-10, you need to do the same for multiplication. There's not much we do but show you the table. The numbers on the top and left side of the grid are the two numbers you need to multiply. You answer (product) is in the grid where the two lines intersect. We'll cover more about this on other pages, but here is the basic chart.

RELATED ACTIVITIES

Multiply by Four, Six, and Eight Activity
- Play Activity

One-Digit Multiplication Word Problems
- Play Activity

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